Job Family: Science, Mathematics and Statistics

Scientists, mathematicians and statisticians use observation, experimentation and research to make discoveries, add to our knowledge and solve problems related to almost every aspect of our lives.

They are employed in a wide range of jobs, including research and development, scientific analysis, education, the media and administration. Careers are mainly at technician and professional levels, and most people in this sector specialise in a particular field, for example in ecology or forensic science.

Work may be in a wide range of areas, including:

• health and medicine - researching the causes of diseases and developing drugs
• the food and drink industry - researching and developing new products
• earth sciences and the environment - studying the Earth, oceans and climate
• materials science - studying the properties of materials such as metals, polymers and ceramics to provide innovative engineering solutions
• mathematics - solving problems and analysing data in a wide range of areas such as engineering, electronics, finance, medicine, meteorology and science
• statistics - gathering data and analysing it to identify and interpret trends
• education - teaching in schools or lecturing in universities.

Working environments vary, but many scientists work in laboratories, while others do mostly fieldwork. Some work with potentially hazardous substances. Others, such as those developing government policies or working in the media, work in an office.

Employers are wide ranging and include research organisations, manufacturing and engineering companies, universities, schools, hospitals and government departments. Many of these are large multinational organisations employing thousands of staff, while others are small to medium-sized businesses. The demand for science and mathematics graduates is currently high and is forecast to increase further. Environmental concerns are just one of the reasons for this growth.

Scientists, mathematicians and statisticians need to have a methodical and accurate approach to their work and be self-disciplined when analysing data to solve problems. Communication skills are important for sharing information with colleagues and customers. Scientists must also pay attention to health and safety regulations.

Entry is usually with a relevant degree, and often a postgraduate qualification. Some jobs require work experience as well. It is also possible to work as a technician or assistant, for which the entry requirements are usually GCSEs/S grades (A-C/1-3).

On-the-job training is given to new employees, and they may also study for further qualifications. Continuing Professional Development (CPD) is important as this field is constantly changing and developing.

Career progression is often to senior supervisory and management roles, and there are sometimes opportunities to work abroad.

Why not have a look at other Job Family articles as they may hold information on related jobs.